Women's rights are the fundamental human rights that were enshrined by the United Nations for every human being on the planet nearly 70 years ago. These rights include the right to live free from violence, slavery, and discrimination; to be educated; to own property; to vote; and to earn a fair and equal wage.
Human rights include the following rights –
ii. the right to life
iii. the right to food
iv. the right to shelter and necessities
. the right to health
vi. the right to education
vii. the right to dignity and liberty, and
viii. the right to be free.
Main Characteristics of the ‘Human Rights’:
The ‘human rights’ mentioned above reveal certain characteristics which may be mentioned below:
1. Human rights are natural rights that all human beings possess simply by virtue of being human.
2. Human rights are held by all persons equally and universally.
3. Human rights are irrevocable – they cannot be revoked or suspended for political expediency.
4. Human rights are inalienable – one cannot lose these rights any more than one can cease being a human being.
5. Human rights are indivisible – one cannot be denied a right because it is ‘less important’ or ‘nonessential’.
6. Human rights are interdependent – all human rights are part of a complementary framework. For example, the ability to participate in government is directly affected by the right to express, to get some education, and even to obtain the necessities of life.
“Human rights” – as the very term indicates represent the rights of all human beings of both the sex, men and women. Individuals of both the sex are born with these rights. Human rights are God- given or Nature-given rights. Both men and women have equal access to these rights. No discrimination is allowed or imposed in the exercise of these rights.
It is a fact of history that women have been denied equal rights for centuries. The “philosophy of human rights” became popular only during the second half of the 20th century and the issue of “gender equality” and “equal rights” for women assumed importance only after 1970’s.
Women’s Rights and the Declaration of Human Rights:
The “Universal Declaration of Human Rights” by the UNO on 10th December 1948 both directly and indirectly influenced its member nations to extend these rights to women also. India which joined the UNO after its independence paid sufficient importance to the human rights by incorporating many of these in its constitution. India which adopted a Constitution of its own in 1949 contains several Articles mandating equality and non-discrimination on the ground of sex
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Women protection for life